Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are responsible for transmembrane (TM) sodium ion conduction and, in eukaryotes, for electrical signalling in excitable cells 1. In humans, mutations in different ...

LOV (light, oxygen or voltage) domains are a subset of the PER–ARNT–SIM (PAS) domain superfamily that detect blue light through a flavin cofactor. These blue-light-photosensory domains are conserved ...